The research [1] investigates the impact of walking exercise training (ET) intervention on the functional connectivity (FC) of core brain networks in older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI). It also looks at how the behaviour of these networks impacts our cognitive skills. The study utilises the triple network model, focusing on the default mode network (DMN), frontoparietal network (FPN), and salience network (SAL).
Key Findings:
- Improved Fitness and Cognition: The 12-week ET program significantly improved cardiorespiratory fitness and performance on several cognitive tasks, including the Logical Memory (LM) test and the Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT), in both groups.
- Increased Within-Network Connectivity: ET led to increased within-network connectivity in the DMN and SAL. This suggests ET enhances the functional connections within these networks, potentially contributing to improved cognitive function.
- Increased Between-Network Connectivity: Contrary to the initial hypothesis, ET also increased connectivity between the DMN, FPN, and SAL. This may reflect a compensatory mechanism, where the brain recruits broader neural resources to counter age-related decline.
- Connectivity and Memory Performance: Changes in SAL within-network connectivity and FPN-SAL between-network connectivity were significantly associated with improvements in LM immediate recall performance.
- "Greater SALW and FPN-SALB were associated with enhanced LM immediate recall performance after ET in both groups." This suggests that these network changes may underpin ET-related memory improvements.
- Consistent Effects Across Groups: No significant Group x Time interactions were found, indicating that the benefits of ET on network connectivity and cognitive function were consistent in older adults with and without MCI.
Implications:
- Regular moderate-intensity walking exercise can enhance both within- and between-network connectivity in older adults, potentially contributing to improved cognitive function, including memory.
- The study suggests that ET may induce beneficial neuroplastic changes even in individuals experiencing cognitive decline due to MCI.
Summary and next steps
This study provides valuable insights into the potential benefits of exercise training for brain health and cognitive function in older adults. Try our free app BreathNow with tens of guided videos on how to perform workouts at different levels to lower blood pressure and pulse and prevent dementia.
References